Estimating Income Diversification across different Agro-climatic Zones in Punjab: 26145
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https://doi.org/10.35716/IJED-26145
Author: Sukhdeep Singh, Arjinder Kaur and Randeep Singh
Author Address: Department of Economics and Sociology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana-141004 (Punjab)
Abstract
The
study examined the income disparity across agroclimatic zones in the Punjab,
India. The annual income of agricultural households was ?8.82 lakh, with
agriculture accounting for 76.19 per cent, followed by non-farm income (14.83
per cent) and livestock (7.23 per cent). Across agro-climatic zones, the
central zone exhibited the highest annual household income (?9,26,226),
followed by the south-western zone (?8,32,415) and the sub-mountainous zone (?7,69,092).
Marginal and small households showed greater diversity toward non-farm and
livestock activities. Agriculture was the main contributor to inequality (87
per cent), while livestock and non-farm income reduced disparities. The study
suggested focusing on the livestock sector and non-farm income sources, and
implementing curated vocational training programs to upskill rural youth, with a
particular focus on marginal households.
Keywords
Income
diversification, income sources, inequality, livelihood diversification, non-farm
income.
JEL Codes
D31,
O13, R11, Q12, Q18.