Author: Rohlupuii, Amit Guleria and Laishram Priscilla
Author Address: Research Scholar, Economist (Quantitative Methods), and Agricultural Economist, Department of Economics and Sociology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana-141004 (Punjab)
Keywords: Export, future prediction, growth rate, instability index, Markov chain.
JEL Codes: C44, F17, Q17.
This study evaluated the performance of cumin in India over 15 years (2008-09 to 2022-23), divided into Period-I and II, and the overall period. The results showed positive and significant growth in area, production, and productivity, along with rising export quantity and value. However, a Nominal Protection Coefficient above one in recent years indicated declining export competitiveness. Transitional probability analysis identified Bangladesh as the most stable export market, followed by Brazil and the UAE, while the USA, Nepal, and Saudi Arabia showed instability. Projections to 2029-30 suggest increasing shares for the UAE and Saudi Arabia, with declined for Bangladesh and Brazil. The study highlighted the need for policies focused on quality standardization, efficient supply chains, price stability, and market diversification to sustain India's global competitiveness.
Indian J Econ Dev, 2026, 22(2), 203-214
https://doi.org/10.35716/IJED-24146